Two Factor

The Two-Factor plugin adds an extra layer of security to your WordPress login by requiring users to provide a second form of authentication in addition to their password. This helps protect against unauthorized access even if passwords are compromised.

設定說明

Important: Each user must individually configure their two-factor authentication settings. There are no site-wide settings for this plugin.

個人使用者

1. Navigate to your profile: Go to “Users” → “Your Profile” in the WordPress admin
2. Find Two-Factor Options: Scroll down to the “Two-Factor Options” section
3. Choose your methods: Enable one or more authentication providers (noting a site admin may have hidden one or more so what is available could vary):
   • Authenticator App (TOTP) – Use apps like Google Authenticator, Authy, or 1Password
   • 透過電子郵件傳送驗證碼 – Receive one-time codes via email
   • FIDO U2F Security Keys – Use physical security keys (requires HTTPS)
   • Backup Codes – Generate one-time backup codes for emergencies
   • Dummy Method – For testing purposes only (requires WP_DEBUG)
4. Configure each method: Follow the setup instructions for each enabled provider
5. Set primary method: Choose which method to use as your default authentication
6. Save changes: Click “Update Profile” to save your settings

網站管理員

• No global settings: This plugin operates on a per-user basis only. For more, see GH#249.
• User management: Administrators can configure 2FA for other users by editing their profiles
• Security recommendations: Encourage users to enable backup methods to prevent account lockouts

Available Authentication Methods

驗證碼產生器 App (TOTP) – 建議使用

• Security: High – Time-based one-time passwords
• Setup: Scan QR code with authenticator app
• Compatibility: Works with Google Authenticator, Authy, 1Password, and other TOTP apps
• Best for: Most users, provides excellent security with good usability

備用驗證碼 – 建議使用

• Security: Medium – One-time use codes
• Setup: Generate 10 backup codes for emergency access
• Compatibility: Works everywhere, no special hardware needed
• Best for: Emergency access when other methods are unavailable

透過電子郵件傳送驗證碼

• Security: Medium – One-time codes sent via email
• Setup: Automatic – uses your WordPress email address
• Compatibility: Works with any email-capable device
• Best for: Users who prefer email-based authentication

FIDO U2F Security Keys

• Security: High – Hardware-based authentication
• Setup: Register physical security keys (USB, NFC, or Bluetooth)
• Requirements: HTTPS connection required, compatible browser needed
• Browser Support: Chrome, Firefox, Edge (varies by key type)
• Best for: Users with security keys who want maximum security

Dummy Method

• Security: None – Always succeeds
• Setup: Only available when WP_DEBUG is enabled
• Purpose: Testing and development only
• Best for: Developers testing the plugin

Important Notes

HTTPS Requirement

• FIDO U2F Security Keys require an HTTPS connection to function
• Other methods work on both HTTP and HTTPS sites

Browser Compatibility

• FIDO U2F requires a compatible browser and may not work on all devices
• TOTP and email methods work on all devices and browsers

Account Recovery

• Always enable backup codes to prevent being locked out of your account
• If you lose access to all authentication methods, contact your site administrator

Security Best Practices

• Use multiple authentication methods when possible
• Keep backup codes in a secure location
• Regularly review and update your authentication settings

For more information about two-factor authentication in WordPress, see the WordPress Advanced Administration Security Guide.

如需進一步了解這個外掛的開發沿革，請參閱這篇文章。

動作及篩選器

以下所列為這個外掛提供的動作及篩選器勾點：

• two_factor_providers 篩選器：這個篩選器會覆寫如電子郵件及 TOTP 等兩步驟驗證方式。陣列值為兩步驟驗證方式的 PHP 類別名稱。
• two_factor_providers_for_user 篩選器：這個篩選器會覆寫已為特定使用者啟用的兩步驟驗證方式。陣列值的第一個引數是驗證方式類別的執行個體，第二個引數為使用者物件 WP_User。
• two_factor_enabled_providers_for_user 篩選器：這個篩選器會覆寫已為使用者啟用的兩步驟驗證方式清單。第一個引數是已啟用的功能提供程式類別名稱值陣列，第二個引數為使用者 ID。
• two_factor_user_authenticated 動作：這個動作會接收已登入的 WP_User 物件作為第一個引數，用於完成驗證工作流程後立即確定已登入的使用者。
• two_factor_user_api_login_enable 篩選器：這個篩選器會限制 REST API 及 XML-RPC 僅能使用應用程式密碼，第二個引數為使用者 ID。
• two_factor_email_token_ttl 篩選器：這個篩選器會覆寫電子郵件權杖產生後的使用期限 (以秒為單位)。接受第一個引數為以秒為單位的時間間隔設定後，才能驗證 WP_User 物件的 ID。
• two_factor_email_token_length 篩選器：這個篩選器會覆寫電子郵件權杖預設為 8 個字元的設定。
• two_factor_backup_code_length 篩選器：這個篩選器會覆寫備用代碼預設為 8 個字元的設定，提供與 WP_User 關聯的使用者作為第二個引數。
• two_factor_rest_api_can_edit_user 篩選器：這個篩選器會使用 REST API 覆寫使用者的 Two-Factor 外掛設定。第一個引數是目前的 $can_edit 布林值，第二個引數為使用者 ID。
• two_factor_before_authentication_prompt 動作：這個動作會接收提供者物件及並在驗證輸入表單顯示提示前觸發。
• two_factor_after_authentication_prompt 動作：這個動作會接收提供者物件及並在驗證輸入表單顯示提示後觸發。
• two_factor_after_authentication_inputaction which receives the provider object and fires after the input shown on the authentication input form (if form contains no input, action fires immediately after two_factor_after_authentication_prompt).